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greatly simplify movement logic

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This commit is contained in:
John Wigner 2025-01-27 23:17:46 -05:00
parent 06e368dad5
commit 6d53bf8018
2 changed files with 217 additions and 495 deletions
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206
Assets/Scenes/SampleScene.unity
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504
Assets/Scripts/ArcadeKart.cs
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@ -7,498 +7,80 @@ namespace SRL
{
public class ArcadeKart : MonoBehaviour
{
[System.Serializable]
public class StatPowerup
{
public ArcadeKart.Stats modifiers;
public string PowerUpID;
public float ElapsedTime;
public float MaxTime;
}
[System.Serializable]
public struct Stats
{
[Header("Movement Settings")]
[Min(0.001f), Tooltip("Top speed attainable when moving forward.")]
public float TopSpeed;
[Tooltip("How quickly the kart reaches top speed.")]
public float Acceleration;
[Min(0.001f), Tooltip("Top speed attainable when moving backward.")]
public float ReverseSpeed;
[Tooltip("How quickly the kart reaches top speed, when moving backward.")]
public float ReverseAcceleration;
[Tooltip("How quickly the kart starts accelerating from 0. A higher number means it accelerates faster sooner.")]
[Range(0.2f, 1)]
public float AccelerationCurve;
[Tooltip("How quickly the kart slows down when the brake is applied.")]
public float Braking;
[Tooltip("How quickly the kart will reach a full stop when no inputs are made.")]
public float CoastingDrag;
[Range(0.0f, 1.0f)]
[Tooltip("The amount of side-to-side friction.")]
public float Grip;
[Tooltip("The target height to float above the ground.")]
public float floatHeight;
[Tooltip("The minimum height to float above the ground.")]
public float minimumFloatHeight;
[Tooltip("How tightly the kart can turn left or right.")]
public float Steer;
[Tooltip("Additional gravity for when the kart is in the air.")]
public float AddedGravity;
// allow for stat adding for powerups.
public static Stats operator +(Stats a, Stats b)
{
return new Stats
{
Acceleration = a.Acceleration + b.Acceleration,
AccelerationCurve = a.AccelerationCurve + b.AccelerationCurve,
Braking = a.Braking + b.Braking,
CoastingDrag = a.CoastingDrag + b.CoastingDrag,
AddedGravity = a.AddedGravity + b.AddedGravity,
Grip = a.Grip + b.Grip,
floatHeight = a.floatHeight + b.floatHeight,
minimumFloatHeight = a.minimumFloatHeight + b.minimumFloatHeight,
ReverseAcceleration = a.ReverseAcceleration + b.ReverseAcceleration,
ReverseSpeed = a.ReverseSpeed + b.ReverseSpeed,
TopSpeed = a.TopSpeed + b.TopSpeed,
Steer = a.Steer + b.Steer,
};
}
}
public Rigidbody Rigidbody { get; private set; }
public InputData Input { get; private set; }
public float AirPercent { get; private set; }
public float GroundPercent { get; private set; }
public ArcadeKart.Stats baseStats = new ArcadeKart.Stats
{
TopSpeed = 10f,
Acceleration = 5f,
AccelerationCurve = 4f,
Braking = 10f,
ReverseAcceleration = 5f,
ReverseSpeed = 5f,
Steer = 5f,
CoastingDrag = 4f,
Grip = .95f,
floatHeight = 1f,
minimumFloatHeight = .5f,
AddedGravity = 1f,
};
[Header("Vehicle Visual")]
public List<GameObject> m_VisualWheels;
[Header("Vehicle Physics")]
[Tooltip("The transform that determines the position of the kart's mass.")]
public Transform CenterOfMass;
[Range(0.0f, 20.0f), Tooltip("Coefficient used to reorient the kart in the air. The higher the number, the faster the kart will readjust itself along the horizontal plane.")]
public float AirborneReorientationCoefficient = 3.0f;
[Header("Drifting")]
[Range(0.01f, 1.0f), Tooltip("The grip value when drifting.")]
public float DriftGrip = 0.4f;
[Range(0.0f, 10.0f), Tooltip("Additional steer when the kart is drifting.")]
public float DriftAdditionalSteer = 5.0f;
[Range(1.0f, 30.0f), Tooltip("The higher the angle, the easier it is to regain full grip.")]
public float MinAngleToFinishDrift = 10.0f;
[Range(0.01f, 0.99f), Tooltip("Mininum speed percentage to switch back to full grip.")]
public float MinSpeedPercentToFinishDrift = 0.5f;
[Range(1.0f, 20.0f), Tooltip("The higher the value, the easier it is to control the drift steering.")]
public float DriftControl = 10.0f;
[Range(0.0f, 20.0f), Tooltip("The lower the value, the longer the drift will last without trying to control it by steering.")]
public float DriftDampening = 10.0f;
[Header("Suspensions")]
[Tooltip("The maximum extension possible between the kart's body and the wheels.")]
[Range(0.0f, 1.0f)]
public float SuspensionHeight = 0.2f;
[Range(10.0f, 100000.0f), Tooltip("The higher the value, the stiffer the suspension will be.")]
public float SuspensionSpring = 20000.0f;
[Range(0.0f, 5000.0f), Tooltip("The higher the value, the faster the kart will stabilize itself.")]
public float SuspensionDamp = 500.0f;
[Tooltip("Vertical offset to adjust the position of the wheels relative to the kart's body.")]
[Range(-1.0f, 1.0f)]
public float WheelsPositionVerticalOffset = 0.0f;
[Tooltip("Which layers the wheels will detect.")]
public LayerMask GroundLayers = Physics.DefaultRaycastLayers;
// the input sources that can control the kart
IInput[] m_Inputs;
const float k_NullInput = 0.01f;
const float k_NullSpeed = 0.01f;
Vector3 m_VerticalReference = Vector3.up;
// Drift params
public bool WantsToDrift { get; private set; } = false;
public bool IsDrifting { get; private set; } = false;
float m_CurrentGrip = 1.0f;
float m_DriftTurningPower = 0.0f;
float m_PreviousGroundPercent = 1.0f;
readonly List<(GameObject trailRoot, WheelCollider wheel, TrailRenderer trail)> m_DriftTrailInstances = new List<(GameObject, WheelCollider, TrailRenderer)>();
readonly List<(WheelCollider wheel, float horizontalOffset, float rotation, ParticleSystem sparks)> m_DriftSparkInstances = new List<(WheelCollider, float, float, ParticleSystem)>();
// can the kart move?
bool m_CanMove = true;
List<StatPowerup> m_ActivePowerupList = new List<StatPowerup>();
ArcadeKart.Stats m_FinalStats;
Quaternion m_LastValidRotation;
Vector3 m_LastValidPosition;
Vector3 m_LastCollisionNormal;
bool m_HasCollision;
bool m_InAir = false;
public void AddPowerup(StatPowerup statPowerup) => m_ActivePowerupList.Add(statPowerup);
public void SetCanMove(bool move) => m_CanMove = move;
public float GetMaxSpeed() => Mathf.Max(m_FinalStats.TopSpeed, m_FinalStats.ReverseSpeed);
void UpdateSuspensionParams(WheelCollider wheel)
{
wheel.suspensionDistance = SuspensionHeight;
wheel.center = new Vector3(0.0f, WheelsPositionVerticalOffset, 0.0f);
JointSpring spring = wheel.suspensionSpring;
spring.spring = SuspensionSpring;
spring.damper = SuspensionDamp;
wheel.suspensionSpring = spring;
}
void Awake()
{
Rigidbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
m_Inputs = GetComponents<IInput>();
m_CurrentGrip = baseStats.Grip;
}
void FixedUpdate()
{
GatherInputs();
// apply our powerups to create our finalStats
TickPowerups();
// apply our physics properties
Rigidbody.centerOfMass = transform.InverseTransformPoint(CenterOfMass.position);
int groundedCount = 4;
// if (FrontLeftWheel.isGrounded && FrontLeftWheel.GetGroundHit(out WheelHit hit))
// groundedCount++;
// if (FrontRightWheel.isGrounded && FrontRightWheel.GetGroundHit(out hit))
// groundedCount++;
// if (RearLeftWheel.isGrounded && RearLeftWheel.GetGroundHit(out hit))
// groundedCount++;
// if (RearRightWheel.isGrounded && RearRightWheel.GetGroundHit(out hit))
// groundedCount++;
// calculate how grounded and airborne we are
GroundPercent = (float) groundedCount / 4.0f;
AirPercent = 1 - GroundPercent;
// apply vehicle physics
if (m_CanMove)
{
MoveVehicle(Input.Accelerate, Input.Brake, Input.TurnInput);
}
GroundAirbourne();
m_PreviousGroundPercent = GroundPercent;
}
void GatherInputs()
{
// reset input
Input = new InputData();
WantsToDrift = false;
// gather nonzero input from our sources
for (int i = 0; i < m_Inputs.Length; i++)
{
Input = m_Inputs[i].GenerateInput();
WantsToDrift = Input.Brake && Vector3.Dot(Rigidbody.linearVelocity, transform.forward) > 0.0f;
}
}
void TickPowerups()
[Header("Hover Settings")]
public float hoverHeight = 2.0f;
public float hoverForce = 100f;
public LayerMask groundLayer;
public float hoverDampening = 5f;
[Header("Movement Settings")]
public float forwardSpeed = 50f;
public float turnSpeed = 20f;
public float strafeSpeed = 15f;
public float drag = 2f;
private Rigidbody rb;
void Awake()
{
// remove all elapsed powerups
m_ActivePowerupList.RemoveAll((p) => { return p.ElapsedTime > p.MaxTime; });
rb = GetComponent<Rigidbody>();
m_Inputs = GetComponents<IInput>();
}
// zero out powerups before we add them all up
var powerups = new Stats();
// add up all our powerups
for (int i = 0; i < m_ActivePowerupList.Count; i++)
void FixedUpdate()
{
var p = m_ActivePowerupList[i];
// add elapsed time
p.ElapsedTime += Time.fixedDeltaTime;
// add up the powerups
powerups += p.modifiers;
GatherInputs();
Hover();
Move();
}
// add powerups to our final stats
m_FinalStats = baseStats + powerups;
// clamp values in finalstats
m_FinalStats.Grip = Mathf.Clamp(m_FinalStats.Grip, 0, 1);
}
void GroundAirbourne()
void Hover()
{
RaycastHit hit;
// Check if the object is hitting the ground using a raycast
if (Physics.Raycast(transform.position, Vector3.down, out hit, baseStats.floatHeight + 0.1f))
// Raycast to ground to simulate hover
Ray ray = new Ray(transform.position, -transform.up);
if (Physics.Raycast(ray, out RaycastHit hit, hoverHeight * 2, groundLayer))
{
float hoverError = hoverHeight - hit.distance;
float upwardSpeed = rb.linearVelocity.y;
float appliedHoverForce = hoverError * hoverForce - upwardSpeed * hoverDampening;
// Calculate the upward force needed to maintain the desired height
float upwardForce = (baseStats.floatHeight - (hit.distance - baseStats.minimumFloatHeight)) * 10f;
Rigidbody.AddForce(Vector3.up * upwardForce, ForceMode.Acceleration);
rb.AddForce(Vector3.up * appliedHoverForce, ForceMode.Acceleration);
}
}
public void Reset()
void Move()
{
Vector3 euler = transform.rotation.eulerAngles;
euler.x = euler.z = 0f;
transform.rotation = Quaternion.Euler(euler);
}
// Forward movement
float forwardInput = Input.Accelerate ? 1f : 0f;
Vector3 forwardForce = transform.forward * forwardInput * forwardSpeed;
rb.AddForce(forwardForce, ForceMode.Acceleration);
public float LocalSpeed()
{
if (m_CanMove)
{
float dot = Vector3.Dot(transform.forward, Rigidbody.linearVelocity);
if (Mathf.Abs(dot) > 0.1f)
{
float speed = Rigidbody.linearVelocity.magnitude;
return dot < 0 ? -(speed / m_FinalStats.ReverseSpeed) : (speed / m_FinalStats.TopSpeed);
}
return 0f;
}
else
{
// use this value to play kart sound when it is waiting the race start countdown.
return Input.Accelerate ? 1.0f : 0.0f;
}
}
// Turning (rotate around Y-axis)
float turnInput = Input.TurnInput;
rb.AddTorque(Vector3.up * turnInput * turnSpeed, ForceMode.Acceleration);
void OnCollisionEnter(Collision collision) => m_HasCollision = true;
void OnCollisionExit(Collision collision) => m_HasCollision = false;
void OnCollisionStay(Collision collision)
{
m_HasCollision = true;
m_LastCollisionNormal = Vector3.zero;
float dot = -1.0f;
foreach (var contact in collision.contacts)
{
if (Vector3.Dot(contact.normal, Vector3.up) > dot)
m_LastCollisionNormal = contact.normal;
}
}
void MoveVehicle(bool accelerate, bool brake, float turnInput)
{
float accelInput = (accelerate ? 1.0f : 0.0f) - (brake ? 1.0f : 0.0f);
// manual acceleration curve coefficient scalar
float accelerationCurveCoeff = 5;
Vector3 localVel = transform.InverseTransformVector(Rigidbody.linearVelocity);
bool accelDirectionIsFwd = accelInput >= 0;
bool localVelDirectionIsFwd = localVel.z >= 0;
// use the max speed for the direction we are going--forward or reverse.
float maxSpeed = localVelDirectionIsFwd ? m_FinalStats.TopSpeed : m_FinalStats.ReverseSpeed;
float accelPower = accelDirectionIsFwd ? m_FinalStats.Acceleration : m_FinalStats.ReverseAcceleration;
float currentSpeed = Rigidbody.linearVelocity.magnitude;
float accelRampT = currentSpeed / maxSpeed;
float multipliedAccelerationCurve = m_FinalStats.AccelerationCurve * accelerationCurveCoeff;
float accelRamp = Mathf.Lerp(multipliedAccelerationCurve, 1, accelRampT * accelRampT);
bool isBraking = (localVelDirectionIsFwd && brake) || (!localVelDirectionIsFwd && accelerate);
// if we are braking (moving reverse to where we are going)
// use the braking accleration instead
float finalAccelPower = isBraking ? m_FinalStats.Braking : accelPower;
float finalAcceleration = finalAccelPower * accelRamp;
// apply inputs to forward/backward
float turningPower = IsDrifting ? m_DriftTurningPower : turnInput * m_FinalStats.Steer;
Quaternion turnAngle = Quaternion.AngleAxis(turningPower, transform.up);
Vector3 fwd = turnAngle * transform.forward;
Vector3 movement = fwd * accelInput * finalAcceleration * ((m_HasCollision || GroundPercent > 0.0f) ? 1.0f : 0.0f);
// forward movement
bool wasOverMaxSpeed = currentSpeed >= maxSpeed;
// if over max speed, cannot accelerate faster.
if (wasOverMaxSpeed && !isBraking)
movement *= 0.0f;
Vector3 newVelocity = Rigidbody.linearVelocity + movement * Time.fixedDeltaTime;
newVelocity.y = Rigidbody.linearVelocity.y;
// clamp max speed if we are on ground
if (GroundPercent > 0.0f && !wasOverMaxSpeed)
{
newVelocity = Vector3.ClampMagnitude(newVelocity, maxSpeed);
}
// coasting is when we aren't touching accelerate
if (Mathf.Abs(accelInput) < k_NullInput && GroundPercent > 0.0f)
{
newVelocity = Vector3.MoveTowards(newVelocity, new Vector3(0, Rigidbody.linearVelocity.y, 0), Time.fixedDeltaTime * m_FinalStats.CoastingDrag);
}
Rigidbody.linearVelocity = newVelocity;
// Drift
if (GroundPercent > 0.0f)
{
if (m_InAir)
{
m_InAir = false;
}
// manual angular velocity coefficient
float angularVelocitySteering = 0.4f;
float angularVelocitySmoothSpeed = 20f;
// turning is reversed if we're going in reverse and pressing reverse
if (!localVelDirectionIsFwd && !accelDirectionIsFwd)
angularVelocitySteering *= -1.0f;
var angularVel = Rigidbody.angularVelocity;
// move the Y angular velocity towards our target
angularVel.y = Mathf.MoveTowards(angularVel.y, turningPower * angularVelocitySteering, Time.fixedDeltaTime * angularVelocitySmoothSpeed);
// apply the angular velocity
Rigidbody.angularVelocity = angularVel;
// rotate rigidbody's velocity as well to generate immediate velocity redirection
// manual velocity steering coefficient
float velocitySteering = 25f;
// If the karts lands with a forward not in the velocity direction, we start the drift
if (GroundPercent >= 0.0f && m_PreviousGroundPercent < 0.1f)
{
Vector3 flattenVelocity = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(Rigidbody.linearVelocity, m_VerticalReference).normalized;
if (Vector3.Dot(flattenVelocity, transform.forward * Mathf.Sign(accelInput)) < Mathf.Cos(MinAngleToFinishDrift * Mathf.Deg2Rad))
{
IsDrifting = true;
m_CurrentGrip = DriftGrip;
m_DriftTurningPower = 0.0f;
}
}
// Drift Management
if (!IsDrifting)
{
if ((WantsToDrift || isBraking) && currentSpeed > maxSpeed * MinSpeedPercentToFinishDrift)
{
IsDrifting = true;
m_DriftTurningPower = turningPower + (Mathf.Sign(turningPower) * DriftAdditionalSteer);
m_CurrentGrip = DriftGrip;
}
}
if (IsDrifting)
{
float turnInputAbs = Mathf.Abs(turnInput);
if (turnInputAbs < k_NullInput)
m_DriftTurningPower = Mathf.MoveTowards(m_DriftTurningPower, 0.0f, Mathf.Clamp01(DriftDampening * Time.fixedDeltaTime));
// Update the turning power based on input
float driftMaxSteerValue = m_FinalStats.Steer + DriftAdditionalSteer;
m_DriftTurningPower = Mathf.Clamp(m_DriftTurningPower + (turnInput * Mathf.Clamp01(DriftControl * Time.fixedDeltaTime)), -driftMaxSteerValue, driftMaxSteerValue);
bool facingVelocity = Vector3.Dot(Rigidbody.linearVelocity.normalized, transform.forward * Mathf.Sign(accelInput)) > Mathf.Cos(MinAngleToFinishDrift * Mathf.Deg2Rad);
bool canEndDrift = true;
if (isBraking)
canEndDrift = false;
else if (!facingVelocity)
canEndDrift = false;
else if (turnInputAbs >= k_NullInput && currentSpeed > maxSpeed * MinSpeedPercentToFinishDrift)
canEndDrift = false;
if (canEndDrift || currentSpeed < k_NullSpeed)
{
// No Input, and car aligned with speed direction => Stop the drift
IsDrifting = false;
m_CurrentGrip = m_FinalStats.Grip;
}
}
// rotate our velocity based on current steer value
Rigidbody.linearVelocity = Quaternion.AngleAxis(turningPower * Mathf.Sign(localVel.z) * velocitySteering * m_CurrentGrip * Time.fixedDeltaTime, transform.up) * Rigidbody.linearVelocity;
}
else
{
m_InAir = true;
}
bool validPosition = false;
if (Physics.Raycast(transform.position + (transform.up * 0.1f), -transform.up, out RaycastHit hit, 3.0f, 1 << 9 | 1 << 10 | 1 << 11)) // Layer: ground (9) / Environment(10) / Track (11)
{
Vector3 lerpVector = (m_HasCollision && m_LastCollisionNormal.y > hit.normal.y) ? m_LastCollisionNormal : hit.normal;
m_VerticalReference = Vector3.Slerp(m_VerticalReference, lerpVector, Mathf.Clamp01(AirborneReorientationCoefficient * Time.fixedDeltaTime * (GroundPercent > 0.0f ? 10.0f : 1.0f))); // Blend faster if on ground
}
else
{
Vector3 lerpVector = (m_HasCollision && m_LastCollisionNormal.y > 0.0f) ? m_LastCollisionNormal : Vector3.up;
m_VerticalReference = Vector3.Slerp(m_VerticalReference, lerpVector, Mathf.Clamp01(AirborneReorientationCoefficient * Time.fixedDeltaTime));
}
validPosition = GroundPercent > 0.7f && !m_HasCollision && Vector3.Dot(m_VerticalReference, Vector3.up) > 0.9f;
// Airborne / Half on ground management
if (GroundPercent < 0.7f)
{
Rigidbody.angularVelocity = new Vector3(0.0f, Rigidbody.angularVelocity.y * 0.98f, 0.0f);
Vector3 finalOrientationDirection = Vector3.ProjectOnPlane(transform.forward, m_VerticalReference);
finalOrientationDirection.Normalize();
if (finalOrientationDirection.sqrMagnitude > 0.0f)
{
Rigidbody.MoveRotation(Quaternion.Lerp(Rigidbody.rotation, Quaternion.LookRotation(finalOrientationDirection, m_VerticalReference), Mathf.Clamp01(AirborneReorientationCoefficient * Time.fixedDeltaTime)));
}
}
else if (validPosition)
{
m_LastValidPosition = transform.position;
m_LastValidRotation.eulerAngles = new Vector3(0.0f, transform.rotation.y, 0.0f);
}
// Apply drag to reduce endless acceleration
rb.linearVelocity = Vector3.Lerp(rb.linearVelocity, Vector3.zero, drag * Time.fixedDeltaTime);
}
}
}